Local IRF staff have grown 15 000 seeds of 99 different plants that Javan rhinos feed on,since most of the vegetation in the Javan rhino habitat are destroyed by the Arenga palm. The plight of the Javan rhino … Can you spot the difference between the different species of rhinoceros? In the Javan Rhino Study and Conservation Area, a 5,000 ha area in the east of Ujung Kulon, the invasive plant has been crowding out native species that are more palatable and nutritious for Javan rhinos. Arenga obtusifolia, commonly known as Arenga palm, is a fast growing, dominant plant species that naturally occurs in UKNP, and it chokes out other native plant species, including the rhinos’ preferred food plants. 4.WWF efforts focus on the removal of Arenga palm, an invasive species that leaves the area barren of food for rhinos © Copyright 2020. International Rhino Foundation. The SOS grant will support round-the-clock protection for the last remaining Javan Rhinos. Over 20 years have passed without any poaching being reported at the park. More discreet but as serious a threat, is the Arenga palm (Arenga obtusifolia), an invasive species that inhibits the growth of suitable rhino food plants. Optimizing the habitat of the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) in Ujung Kulon National Park by reducing the invasive palm Arenga obtusifolia. Three guard posts were also built along with a base of operations just outside of the JRSCA. Arenga palm can grow to heights up to 16 meters, dominating the canopy. Javan rhinos exist only in Indonesia’s Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), and one of the major challenges for the recovery of this critically endangered species is the availability of viable habitat. We’ve supported the important task of clearing invasive Arenga palm, restoring thousands of hectares of rhino habitat. Lack of distribution of Javan rhino food plant due to the invasive arenga palm plant C. Illegal activity D. Infrastructure development for tourism E. Territorial competition due to the diminished carrying capacity F. Wildlife disease due to the livestock distribution into UKNP G. Ujung Kulon National Park as the last habitat for Javan rhino Arenga palm is a fast growing, dominant plant species that naturally occurs in UKNP, but it chokes out other native plant species, including Javan rhinos’ favored plants. In 2011, we began a program with the national park to remove Arenga palm one hectare at a time, creating more usable space and food availability for the critically endangered Javan rhino. The Arenga palm removal program has been successful in increasing viable Javan rhino habitat, allowing for wider movement of the population, encouraged by the growth of more plants that are in the Javan rhino… The program hires local workers to manually control the Arenga palm using basic equipment including hand saws, shovels, hoes, and pruning shears to make as little noise as possible and avoid disturbing the normally reclusive rhino. As it also prevents the growth of grass, it forces Bantengs, an Endangered bovid species that normally grazes, to browse and compete with Javan Rhinos for food. 2 Javan rhino calves were spotted at a protected area in Indonesia; ... partly due to the presence of the Arenga Palm tree, which has reduced the habitat quality and natural forage. Understanding that law enforcement alone will not solve all conservation problems, the project team from the International Rhino Foundation (IRF), working in partnership with Yayasan Badak Indonesia (YABI), Indonesia's Ministry of Forestry and UKNP authorities, will also collaborate with local communities to reduce ecosystem pressure by ensuring that conservation generates benefits for them. Subscribe to IRF’s E-newsletter, Stronger on World Wildlife Conservation Day. It spreads rapidly and closes off access to the new habitat for rhinos. [42] You can go to WWF Australia here and make a donation to help them with their work to help the Javan rhino. Patrols are expected to prevent rhino poaching, while reducing other illegal human activities in UKNP by over 60%. Javan rhinoceros used to number in thousands but the population has now dwindled to just 74. Now, Javan rhinos and signs of their activity are regular seen in the JRSCA. As it also prevents the growth of grass, it forces Bantengs, an Endangered bovid species that normally grazes, to browse and compete with Javan Rhinos for food. This all prevents Javan Rhinos Extinction. The additional income supplements their work as farmers and comes after the harvest season. More discreet but as serious a threat, is the Arenga palm (Arenga obtusifolia), an invasive species that inhibits the growth of suitable rhino food plants. It is the largest animal in Java and the second-largest animal in Indonesia after the Asian elephant. Scale up the control of Arenga palm, a native palm that shades out ground vegetation and reduces the amount of food available to Javan Rhinos. Now confined to the Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), it is especially vulnerable to changes affecting its habitat and in particular to the intensification of human pressures observed in Indonesia's protected areas, such as farming encroachment, poaching, illegal logging and non-timber forest product collection. The Javan rhino was historically found across a large proportion of Asia from Java to northeast India. Langkap is a rapidly-growing species of palm tree that creates a thick canopy, drastically reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches the forest floor and in turn, preventing the growth of other plants that Javan rhinos rely on. It spreads rapidly and closes off access to the new habitat for rhinos. IUCN Save Our Species works to ensure the long-term survival of threatened species and their habitats while supporting the people who live with them. The opportunity to see this critically endangered species in its natural habitat is the result of the commitment of the Indonesian government, park officials and local farmers. Pachyderm. Their food source in Ujung Kulon National Park is being taken over by out-of-control the invasive Arenga palm, but WWF-Australia is currently working to change that. The arenga’s large arcing palms fronds cover the more fragile vegetation eaten by the Javan rhino, shading them from the sunlight. Another key activity of the project will be the control of Arenga palm and its removal in areas totaling 25 hectares to restore a suitable habitat for Javan Rhinos. Moreover, there exist other further threats to the species. https://rhinos.org/blog/how-arenga-palm-removal-is-saving-rhinos The Arenga palm is rampant in UKNP, covering an estimated 60% of park. View our Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Natural Disaster B. The Javan rhino is smaller than the Indian rhinoceros, and is close in size to the black rhinoceros. ... with the arenga palm tree spreading across the park, crowding out the rhino's … | Web Design by, Don’t miss a field update! Arenga palm can grow to heights up to 16 meters, dominating the canopy. To stop this plant species from invading rhino habitats, in 2011, the International Rhino Foundation (IRF) began a programme to open up pathways for the Javan rhino into the new habitat. The project team will also set up regular joint patrols with UKNP guards to help improve the overall effectiveness of conservation efforts in the area. Photo Credit: Ujung Kulon National Park and WWF Indonesia, Strengthening Protection and Habitat Management for the Critically Endangered Javan Rhino, IUCN Amazing Species Profile Javan Rhinoceros.pdf, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. “When the canopy of the arenga palm closes, no other plants can grow,” Ramono said. Indonesia established an additional 5,100 hectare area in UKNP called the Javan Rhino Study and Conservation Area (JRSCA) to expand the habitat for the rhinos. There are 35 confirmed Javan rhinos in its last bastion – 22 males, 13 females and five juveniles. The last data from Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP) recorded that there are only 68 individuals in the Javan rhino population, with the ratio of 31 females and 37 males. One of the limiting factors for the growth of the Javan rhino population is the Arenga palm, known locally as Langkap. All rights reserved. Javan rhinos like to browse widely for their favourite food plants, but WWF teams had only ever seen Rawing in the southern part of Ujung Kulon National Park. Much of Ujung Kulon has been invaded by the arenga palm plant, which out-competes the vegetation rhinos depend on for food. By 2025, 10,000 hectares of Arenga palm are removed to expand the suitable habitat available to Javan rhino and to increase the Park’s carrying capacity. With a population reduced to less than 50 individuals, the Critically Endangered Javan Rhino may be the world's rarest large land mammal. In 2020, 250 local workers that live in communities bordering UKNP were hired to clear Arenga palm from 50 hectares of the JRSCA. The Javan rhinoceros is threatened by the invasive Arenga palm, which is having a devastating impact on the plants the rhino relies on for food. Can you spot the difference between the different species of rhinoceros? Arenga Palm (Arenga obtusifolia) in Habitat Suitable for Javan Rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) in Ujung Kulon National Park By: Sectionov Inov, IRF Indonesia Liaison 2013 International Elephant & Rhino Conservation & Research Symposium. Rhinos move around in search of food sources and mates and will settle into a new area if both are available. By 2025 and beyond, zero poaching of Javan rhino is maintained. In 2015, a Population and Habitat Viability Assessment was conducted (Haryono et al. Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is Indonesia’s pride endangered species in the world. The banteng cattle also compete with the rhinos for food, so the authorities were considering plans to fence off the western part of the park to keep the livestock out. Experiments to control Arenga in the Javan Rhino Study and Conservation Area (JRSCA) are starting to show positive results, and in 2019 more than 200 hectares had been subject to control measures. Clear the Arenga palm from 190 hectares of rhino habitat as an immediate priority; Rehabilitate the area by planting the grasses that rhinos eat; Continue to monitor and protect rhino habitat with community forest patrols. Already, the clearance of close to 80 hectares of Arenga palm within JRSCA has increased rhino “traffic” within the area by a factor of at least four, and 11 of the 12 species that replace the inedible palm appear high on the list of the Javan Rhino’s favorite food plants. NAME SPECIESBaby Javan Rhino GENDERFemale AGE4 months This critically endangered baby rhino is happy to play in her forested home. Location : IndonesiaDuration : March 2013 - June 2015, Flagship species: how protecting rhinos can help other threatened wildlife, Video Sequences of Javan Rhinos from Ujung Kulon National Park. Moreover, there exist other further threats to the species. agus riambudi. Desperate and hungry, rhinos are moving further and further afield, where they have to compete with other animals for what little food is available. For instance, the vegetation changing as the arenga palm is tree is rapidly spreading across the park. The habitat restoration activities should lead to a significant increase in both distribution and numbers of Javan Rhinos as well as benefit the Banteng. These plant species are just the type the Javan rhinos prefer to eat, so it doesn’t take long before they start to move back into the areas that have been cleared of Arenga. Encourage understory recovery through the planting of rhino browse plants from community nurseries. They have also cleared 170 hectares of the dominant Arenga palm to allow other native rhino food plants to recolonize the forests. “When the canopy of the arenga palm closes, no other plants can grow,” Ramono said. In 2011, the UKNP authorities launched the Arenga palm removal program that also had positive effects on the resident rhino population. A. Monitoring activities will also provide wildlife conservationists with a better understanding of the species' ecology and behaviour. The arenga's large arcing palms fronds cover the more fragile vegetation eaten by the Javan rhino, shading them from the sunlight. Her biggest threat was once humans, being poached so much there is now only 74 of them. The aggressive Arenga palm is growing out of control in critical rhino habitat in Ujung Kulon National Park, Indonesia, blocking out the sun and causing the smaller plants they feed on to die. This includes many of the rhino… Feb 13, 8:16 PM EST ... partly due to the presence of the Arenga Palm … It spreads rapidly and closes off access to the new habitat for rhinos. Regulations are revised on habitat management in the core zone of Ujung Kulon National Park to control the spread of Arenga palm. In 2011, the International Rhino Foundation (IRF) began a program to open up pathways for the Javan rhino into the new habitat. Hendra Purnama. Arenga palm is a fast growing, dominant plant species that naturally occurs in UKNP, but it chokes out other native plant species, including Javan rhinos’ favored food plants. One of the current challenges is the invasive Arenga palm plant. In 2012, the Asian Rhino Project was working out the best eradication programme for the arenga palm, which was blanketing the park and crowding out the rhinos' food sources. The arenga's large arcing palms fronds cover the more fragile vegetation eaten by the Javan rhino, shading them from the sunlight. We are so proud of the success of the Arenga removal project and thankful for all supporting it. That was until recently. With various wildlife foundations who are concerned for the Javan rhinos,the IRF and them work together to build the 4000 hectare Javan rhino study and conservation area. Poster boy for rhino recovery The length of the Javan rhino including its head is 2 to 4 metres (6.5 to 13 feet), and it can reach a height of 1.4–1.7 m (4.6–5.6 ft). This increases the amount of suitable habitat for the Javan rhino within the national park, increasing the population’s potential to grow. The calves—one female and two males—were spotted on new camera trap footage from earlier this year, bringing the total number of Javan rhinos up to 60. WWF is working to remove the invasive arenga palm tree, which has squeezed out the rhino’s native food plants in 6,178 acres of former habitat within the park. The Javan rhino’s preferred foods regenerate naturally, and quickly, in the removal areas, attracting rhinos and helping ensure their continued survival. Already, the clearance of close to 80 hectares of Arenga palm within JRSCA has increased rhino “traffic” within the area by a factor of at least four, and 11 of the 12 species that replace the inedible palm appear high on the list of the Javan Rhino’s favorite food plants. Creating Opportunities for the Local Community As the plans for the Javan Rhino Study and Conservation Area move forward, we will be supporting research, including looking for a suitable site for rhino translocations, and research into the age, fertility, and social structures of the existing Javan rhino … Steve has spent long periods in the remote Javan rainforest under the guidance of Ujung Kulon National Park rangers and rhino protection unit staff, who spend an average of 20 days per month in the field protecting the rhino and other Endangered species from a range of existential threats, including poaching, human encroachment and impacts on habitat from an invasive palm. Sumatran Rhino World Population ~200. As it also prevents the growth of grass, it forces Bantengs, an Endangered bovid species that normally grazes, to browse and compete with Javan Rhinos for food. To stop this plant species from invading rhino habitats, in 2011, the International Rhino Foundation (IRF) began a programme to open up pathways for the Javan rhino into the new habitat. WWF and its partners are seeking wide agreement and political endorsement for a new safe Javan Rhinos’ habitat. This includes many of the rhino… “When the canopy of the arenga palm closes, no other plants can grow,” Ramono said. He hung out there because the invasive Arenga palms that destroy rhino plant food were not so concentrated. Hadi Alikodra. For instance, the vegetation changing as the arenga palm is a tree that is rapidly spreading across the park. Prior experiments removing Arenga palm in selected areas within the JRSCA have indeed produced very encouraging results, as at least six rhinos were observed utilizing the newly restored areas, compared to only two prior to the pilot project's onset. You can help keep the remaining 67 Javan rhinos … Within the Ujung Kulon National Park that the Javan rhinoceros resides, the rhino is threatened by the invasive Arenga palm, which is having a devastating impact on the plants the rhino relies on for food. 2016), which updates information and actions needed to conserve the species. Not only was the species widely distributed, but reports from the mid-1700s suggest it was found at high densities, and was in fact a crop pest. The role of the Rhino Protection Units (RPUs) in guarding the world's last Javan rhinos in UKNP is thus highly commendable. RPUs typically remove traps and snares, apprehend poachers as well as other illegal intruders and investigate crime scenes. Arenga palm can grow to heights up to 16 meters, dominating the canopy. You can help keep the remaining 67 Javan rhinos … Poaching is a direct threat for Javan Rhinos, whose horn is widely valued in China and Vietnam as an ingredient for traditional medicine and as a status symbol, commanding a very high price on the black market. RPUs also record signs of rhino presence, including footprints, feces, wallows, browsing or direct sightings. Javan rhino is threatened by diseases transmitted by native wild cattle and domestic livestock living near Ujung Kulon. Stay up to date with SOS news and conservation publications. Meanwhile, areas suitable for the Javan Rhinos have been disappearing fast as lowland tropical forests are cut and converted to rice paddies, oil palm plantations and other types of agricultural lands. Seventy-eight hectares (193 acres) of the invasive Arenga palm have been cleared to allow for native rhino food plants to recolonize the area. The Arenga palm removal program has been successful in increasing viable Javan rhino habitat, allowing for wider movement of the population, encouraged by the growth of more food plants. The main threat to the Rhino is the overabundance of the palm Arenga obtusifolia (Langkap). Their food source in Ujung Kulon National Park is being taken over by out-of-control the invasive Arenga palm, but WWF-Australia is currently working to change that. This crowds the Javan rhino's food. 3.WWF work closely with the Ujung Kulon National Park Authority to keep track of rhino populations. This activity will take place within the National Park's Javan Rhino Study and Conservation Area (JRSCA). More discreet but as serious a threat, is the Arenga palm (Arenga obtusifolia), an invasive species that inhibits the growth of suitable rhino food plants. Nine rhinos (roughly 15 percent of the population) now are regularly using the area, which . 4.WWF efforts focus on the removal of Arenga palm, an invasive species that leaves the area barren of food for rhinos. It spreads rapidly and closes off access to the new habitat for rhinos. She stays close by her mother, drinking her nourishing milk and learning what plants are good to eat. This includes many of the rhino’s … Removing the palm trees will allow rhino-friendly browse to recover and spread, creating more suitable habitat in the park so the rhinos can increase breeding again.” The other key effort is to move a few rhinos to a new sanctuary outside of Krakatoa’s potential blast zone, both to stimulate breeding and, as he puts it, “get our eggs into two baskets instead of Ujung … When the Arenga is cleared, it gives a chance for other plant species to grow back quickly on their own. Much-needed hope for the critically endangered Javan rhino has come in the form of three calves. This crowds the Javan rhinos food. Javan rhino is threatened by diseases that can be transmitted native wild cattle and domestic livestock leaving near and in Ujung Kulon. WWF is supporting Rhino Protection Units in Ujung Kulon National Park, Java, to safeguard the last remaining population of Javan rhinos from poaching and habitat loss. At least 50 local workers will be hired for approximately 5 months to carry out the initial work then conservationists will monitor the evolution of biodiversity and use of the area by Javan Rhinos. Arenga palm can grow to heights up to 16 meters, dominating the canopy. Ridwan Setiawan. One-hundred-fifty (150) ha had been cleared of Arenga palm as of the end of 2018 in the Javan Rhino Conservation and Study Area, which now is frequented by at least 10 rhinos. ... To increase the Javan Rhinos population, Conservationists relocates the female rhinos to where then male rhinos are so that they could reproduce more. The Javan rhino formerly occurred from Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia, Viet ... YABI had hired more than 120 local people to clear 78 ha of Arenga palm in the JRSCA. Four Rhino Protection Units (RPUs), composed of 1 wildlife ranger and 3 local recruits, will patrol and survey UKNP.
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